I-Osteoporosis yisifo sabadala.Njengamanje, iChina iyizwe elinesibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke seziguli ezinesifo samathambo emhlabeni.I-osteoporosis iphinde ibe yisifo esivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi nasebekhulile.Ngokusho kwedatha efanele, isibalo seziguli ze-osteoporosis e-China silinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-70.Ngokuthuthuka komphakathi waseChina osekhulile, ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kuye kwaba enye yezinkinga ezibalulekile zempilo yomphakathi eChina.
01. Iyini I-Osteoporosis?
I-Osteoporosis yisifo se-systemic samathambo lapho ukuminyana kwamathambo kanye nekhwalithi yamathambo yehla ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, i-microstructure yamathambo ibhujiswa, ukuqina kwamathambo kuyanda, futhi ukuphuka kujwayele ukwenzeka.Azikho izimpawu ezisobala esigabeni sokuqala se-osteoporosis.Ngokukhula kwe-osteoporosis, kuzoba nezimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu beqolo, i-hunchback, nobufushane.Ukuphuka kuwuphawu olubi kakhulu lwe-osteoporosis.Phakathi kwabo, izinga lokufa lokuphuka kwe-hip kubantu asebekhulile liphezulu kakhulu.
02. Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo kuyisisekelo esibalulekile sokuxilongwa kwe-osteoporosis
Ukuminyana kwamaminerali amathambo kubhekisela esilinganisweni samathambo esiqukethwe kumthamo weyunithi (ukuminyana kwevolumu) noma indawo yeyunithi (ukuminyana kwendawo), okuyinkomba ebalulekile yekhwalithi yamathambo, kukhombisa izinga le-osteoporosis, futhi kuyisisekelo esibalulekile sokubikezela ingozi ukuphuka.I-Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) “izinga legolide” lokuhlola ukuminyana kwamathambo.Ikala amaminerali amathambo omhloli ngokuskena ngomshini, futhi ingakala ngokunembile izinga lokulahleka kwamathambo ezigulini.isisekelo esibalulekile sokuxilongwa.
03 Iyini i-T-score kanye ne-Z-score yokuhlolwa kokuminyana kwamathambo?
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuminyana kwamathambo ibalwa ngokuqhathanisa nesizindalwazi esivamile ukuze kutholwe amanani ahlobene u-T no-Z.
Inani le-T: Inani elihlobene levelu elinganisiwe kanye nenani elimaphakathi labantu abadala bobulili obufanayo (ngokwendinganiso yokwahlulela yesilinganiso sabantu abadala)
I-Z-score: Inani elihlobene levelu elinganiselwe enanini eliyisilinganiso lontanga yobulili obufanayo (izinga lokumahlulela lezilinganiso zezingane).
Imibandela yokuxilonga yevelu engu-T yilezi:
| isisindo esivamile samathambo | I-T-value ≥ – 1 |
| I-Osteopenia | -2.5﹤T-inani﹤-1 |
| I-Osteoporosis | I-T-value ≤ -2.5 |
| i-osteoporosis enzima | I-T-value ≤ -2.5ngokuphuka okukodwa noma ngaphezulu |
I-Z-score diagnostic criteria yilezi:
| isisindo esivamile samathambo | Z-inani≧-1 |
| amandla amathambo anganele kancane | -1﹥Z-inani≥-1.5 |
| Amandla amathambo anganele ngokumaphakathi | -1.5﹥Z-inani≥-2 |
| Amandla amathambo anganele kakhulu | Z-inani<-2 |
04. Isibalo sabantu esinconyiwe sokuhlola ukuminyana kwamathambo
Ngokuvumelana ne "Iziqondiso Zokuxilonga Nokwelashwa Kwe-Osteoporosis e-China" ekhishwe yigatsha le-Bone and Mineral Diseases le-Chinese Medical Association ngo-2017, la maqembu alandelayo kufanele ahlole ukuminyana kwamathambo kusenesikhathi:
1. Abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 nabesilisa abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izici eziyingozi ze-osteoporosis
2. Abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-65 kanye namadoda aneminyaka engaphansi kwengama-70 banesici esisodwa noma ngaphezulu engcupheni ye-osteoporosis
3. Abantu abadala abanomlando wokuphuka kwe-fragility
4. Abantu abadala abanamazinga aphansi amahomoni ocansi okubangelwa izizathu ezihlukahlukene
5. Labo abanezinguquko ze-osteoporotic efilimini ye-X-ray
6. Labo abathola ukwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis futhi baqaphe umphumela wokwelapha
7. Labo abanomlando wokuthinta izifo ze-bone metabolism noma ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezithinta i-bone metabolism
8. Izimpendulo ezinhle zokuhlolwa kwe-IOF kwe-osteoporosis yomzuzu owodwa
9. Umphumela we-OSTA ≤ -1
Lesi sibonakaliso sikhulu kakhulu, futhi ngokuyisisekelo abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 kanye nabantu abasengozini bangahlolelwa ukuminyana kwamathambo.
05 Izinyathelo zokuhlola ukuminyana kwamathambo:
I-DXA inezinzuzo zemisebe ephansi, ephephile futhi esheshayo, nesilinganiso esinembile.Umthamo wayo wemisebe uphansi kakhulu.Ezigulini eziye zathola i-radiography yamathumbu phakathi nesonto eledlule, ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo kufanele kwenziwe izinsuku ezimbalwa (ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-7 kungcono);ezigulini eziye zahlolwa imithi yenuzi, kungcono ukuba kuhlolwe ukuminyana kwamathambo kuqala noma ngakusasa Kungcono;lapho isiguli singakwazi ukulala sibheke phezulu noma sidlula isisindo setafula lokuhlola, ukuminyana kwamathambo e-trunk akukwazi ukuhlolwa, kodwa ukushuba kwamathambo we-forearm kungalinganiswa.
06Ungasivikela kanjani futhi selaphe i-osteoporosis?
Uma uthola ukuthi une-osteopenia noma i-osteoporosis, kufanele uthathe izinyathelo zokuyelapha.Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokwelashwa zifaka phakathi ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila, izithasiselo zempilo yamathambo, nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.
Lungisa indlela yokuphila: qinisa umsoco, ukudla okulinganiselayo;ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele;ukuvivinya umzimba njalo;yeka ukubhema, nciphisa utshwala;gwema ukuphuza ikhofi ngokweqile;gwema ukuphuza ngokweqile iziphuzo ze-carbonated;
Isengezo sezempilo samathambo: qinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kwansuku zonke kwe-calcium okungu-1000mg, abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala, badinga ukukhulisa i-calcium eya ku-1200mg;i-vitamin D eyanele ingakhuphula ukumuncwa kwe-calcium emathunjini, ikhuthaze amandla ethambo, igcine amandla emisipha, Ithuthukise ibhalansi futhi inciphise ingozi yokuwa.
07. Ukuvimbela i-osteoporosis, gxila esenzweni
Nge-osteoporosis, ukuvimbela kusenesikhathi nokungenelela okuphumelelayo kungavimbela ukuguga futhi kunwebe ukuphila ngokwezinga elithile.Ukulinganisa ukuminyana kwamathambo kubaluleke kakhulu ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kwe-osteopenia ne-osteoporosis.Kutuswa ukuba abangani abancane nabaneminyaka ephakathi ukuthi banake ukuminyana kwamathambo abo, baqonde isimo sabo sokuminyana kwamathambo, futhi bavimbele ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo, kuqale ekulinganiseni ukuminyana kwamathambo.
No.1ukuvimbela okuyinhloko kwe-osteoporosis
Ukuvimbela okuyinhloko kwe-osteoporosis kufanele kuqale ebuntwaneni nasebusheni.Naka ukudla okuningi okune-calcium, qhubeka uvivinya umzimba, thola ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni, ungabhemi noma uphuze kakhulu, futhi uphuze ikhofi elincane, itiye elinamandla neziphuzo ezine-carbonated, ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba ne-osteoporosis ngangokunokwenzeka.Khulisa inani eliphakeme lethambo lakho libe sezingeni eliphezulu futhi ugcine isisindo esanele sempilo yakho yesikhathi esizayo.
No.2Ukuvimbela okwesibili kwe-osteoporosis
Ukuvimbela kwesibili kwe-osteoporosis kubhekisela kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi, ikakhulukazi abesifazane base-postmenopausal, lapho izinga lokulahlekelwa kwamathambo likhula ngokushesha.Kunconywa ukuthi kube nokuhlola ukuminyana kwamathambo njalo eminyakeni engu-1-2 ukuze uqonde izinguquko ekuqineni kwamathambo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwenezelwa okufanele kwe-calcium novithamini D, ukunamathela emikhubeni emihle yokuphila, njengokuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukudla okunomsoco, ukungabhemi, nokuphuza utshwala obuncane kungasivimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo.
No.3Ukuvimbela i-osteoporosis ephakeme
Ukuvimbela okuphakeme kwe-osteoporosis ngokuvamile ukuthola ukuminyana okuphansi kwamathambo noma kakade uhlushwa i-osteoporosis ngemva kokuguga.Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele siqhubeke nokuzivocavoca ngendlela efanele, sigweme ukuwa, futhi sigweme ukuphuka.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele sisengeze ngenkuthalo i-calcium ne-vitamin D, Ukuqinisa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kungavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukulahleka kwamathambo futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuphuka, ngisho nokuhlehlisa ukuminyana kwamathambo.
Akukephuzi kakhulu ukuqala ukugxila empilweni yamathambo.
I-Pinyuan Ultrasound Bone Densitometer kanye ne-DXA Bone Denstometry Vikela Impilo Yakho Yamathambo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-17-2023